അറബി ഭാഷ അന്തര്‍ദേശീയമാവുമ്പോള്‍ Arabic as International Language

Ad_n-Iv `m-j A-´À-tZ-io-b-am-hp-t¼mÄ

A_vZpÂaPoZv. Sn. sImS¡mSv

temI-¯v 28 cm-Py-§-fn-em-bn 422 an-ey¬ P-\-§-fpsS Hu-tZymKn-I `m-j-bm-Wv A-dn-_n-Iv. 162 an-ey-Wn A-[n-Iw h-cp-¶ ap-kvenwI-fp-sS a-X-]-cam-b B-h-iy-§Ä-¡v Ad-_n `m-j-bm-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xv. ap-kvenwIfÃm-¯ A-t\-Iw t]À Ad-_nIv am-Xr-`m-j-bm-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p-­v.

bp.F³.H. bpsS B-dv Hu-tZymKn-I `m-j-Ifn H-¶m-Wv A-d-_n-Iv. {^©v, C¥ojv, d-jy³, ssN-\okv, kv-]m-\n-jv F-¶n-h-bmW aäp-- `m-jIÄ. 1973  Un-kw-_À 18 \v tNÀ-¶ sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S-k-` P-\-d A-kw-»n-bm-Wv A-d-_n-Iv `mjsb Hu-tZymKn-I `m-j-bm-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨Xv. `m-jm kmw-kv-ImcnI ssh-hn-[y-§Ä B-tLm-jn¡p-I F-¶ e-£y-t¯m-sS 2010 ap-X Un-kw-_À 18 A-´m-cm-jv-{S A-d-_n-Iv Zn-\-am-bn B-N-cn-¨p-h-cp-¶p.

Ncn{Xw

skan-än-Iv `m-jmw-Kam-b A-d-_n-Iv ]p-cm-X\w, Pm-ln-en-¿, kp-hÀ-®w, A-]--N bw, B-[p-\nIw, D-¯-cm-[p-\nIw, hÀ-¯-am-\w F-¶o Im-e-L-«-§-fn-eq-sS A-Xn-Poh-\w \-S-¯n-bm-Wv C-cp-]-¯n-sbm¶mw \q-äm-­nepw hn-Im-k-¯n-sâ s\-d-pI-bn \nÂ-¡p-¶Xv. ]p-cm-X-\-L-«-¯n X-s¶ bu-Æ-\-Z-i-bn-se¯n-b A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bn Pm-ln-en-¿ (C-kvem-an-\v ap-¼pÅ c-­v \q-äm-­v Imew) Im-e-L-«-¯n ]q-À-®am-b km-ln-Xy-kr-ãn-IÄ P-\n-¨n-cp¶p. A-d-_n-Iv km-ln-Xy-¯n-se ap-AÃ-¡-IÄ C-Xn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. hnhn[ tKm-{X-`m-j-IÄ A-¶v \n-e-hn-ep-­m-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw JpÀB-sâ A-h-XoÀ-®-t¯m-sS A-d-_n-Iv A¶-s¯ s]m-Xp-km-ln-Xy`m-j-bm-bn am-dn.

C-kvem-an-sâ B-hnÀ-`m-h-t¯m-sS A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bp-sS kp-hÀ-®-Ime-L«w B-cw-`n¨p. Xp-SÀ-¶v A-ºm-kn-I-fp-sS ]X-\w h-sc hn-Im-k-¯n-sâ A-\p-kyq-Xam-b {]-hm-lw \n-e-\n¶p. Cu Im-e-L-«-¯n A-\h-[n hn-Úm-\-im-J-Ifpw B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v ]pXn-b ssh-tZin-I ]-Z-§fpw Ad-_n {]-tbm-K-§fpw sIm-­v Ad-_n `m-j k-w¼p-ã-ambn. X-Xz-Nn-´, ssh-Zy-im-kv-{Xw, tKm-f-im-kv-{Xw, XÀ-¡-im-kv-{Xw, K-WnXw, `m-j, km-ln-Xyw, N-cn-{Xw, kw-KoXw, Irjn, c-k-X-{´w, `u-Xn-I-im-kv-{Xw, tPm-Õyw Xp-S-§n-b hn-j-b-§-fn-ep-Å A-t\-Iw ssh-Úm\n-I {K-Ù-§Ä hnhn-[ `m-j-I-fnÂ\n-¶m-bn A-d-_n-bn-te-¡v hn-hÀ-¯-\w sN-¿-s¸«p. _m-Kv-Zm-Zv A-dn-hn-sâ X-e-Øm-\-am-bn A-dn-b-s¸-«p.

F.Un 1258  aw-tKmÄ ssk\yw _m-Kv-Zm-Zv B-{I-an-¨v \-in-¸n-¨-tXm-sS A-ºm-kn-I-fp-sS `c-Ww A-h-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw Ad-_v tem-I-¯n-sâ G-I-X \-ã-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Xp-SÀ-¶v aw-tKmÄ ssk\yw Ad-_v km-w-kv-ImcnI ssh-Úm\n-I tI{µ§fpw ss]-Xr-I-§fpw ]qÀ-®-ambpw X-IÀ-¯p-I-fªp. Ad-_n `m-j-bn c-Nn-¡-s¸-« I-YmþI-hn-Xm km-ln-Xyw, `m-jm-im-kv-{X§Ä, {]-Ir-Xnþ`u-Xn-I-im-kv-{X-§Ä, k-©m-c-km-ln-Xyw F-¶n-h-bn-se {][m-\ Ir-Xn-I-sfÃmw \-in-¸n-¨p. F.Un 1516 hsc Cu Zp-c-h-Ø Xp-SÀ-¶p. Ad-_n- `m-j-bp-sSbpw km-ln-Xy-¯n-sâbpw C-cp-­ bp-K-am-bmWv Cu Im-ew A-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. F-¦nepw P-em-ep-±o-\p-Êp-bq-Xzn, {]apJ kmaqly imkv{XÚ³ C-_v-\p-JÂ-Zq³ F-¶n-h-sc-t¸m-se-bp-Å ]-Þn-X-cp-sS kw-`m-h-\-IÄ {]-iw-k-\o-b-am-Wv.

F.Un 1516  Ad-_v \m-Sp-I-fn D-kv-am-\n-IÄ B-[n-]Xyw Øm-]n-¡p-¶-tXm-sS XpÀ-¡n Im-eL-«w B-cw-`n-¡p-I-bpw 1798  {^-©v N-{I-hÀ-¯n s\-t¸m-fnb³ Cu-Pn-]v-Xv Io-gv-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-tXm-sS XpÀ-¡n bp-Kw A-h-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. km-aq-ln-Ihpw cm-jv{So-b-hp-am-bn I-ep-jn-X-am-bn-cp-¶ XpÀ-¡n-bp-K-¯nepw A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bp-sS {]-Xm-]hpw ssN-X-\yhpw ho-s­-Sp-¡m³ I-gn-ªnÃ. aw--eq-¡p-IÄ `-cn-¨n-cp-¶ Cu-Pn-]v-Xnepw kn-dn-b-bnepw am-{X-am-bn km-ln-Xy ssh-Úm\n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä H-Xp-§n. Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-se AÂ-A-kv-lÀ I-em-im-e-bp-sS kw-`m-h-\-IÄ am-än \nÀ-¯n-bm hn-ip-² JpÀ-B-\n-sâ A-am-\p-jn-IX sIm-­v am-{X-am-Wv A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bp-sS A-Sn-¯d-¡v Hcp-tIm-«hpw ]-äm-sX \n-e-\n-¶-Xv.

F-Un 1798 þ 1801  s\-t¸m-fnb-sâ A-[n-\n-th-jm-\´cw Cu-Pn-]v-Xv kmw-kv-ImcnI ssh-Úm\n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n ap-gp-Ip-Ibpw A-Xv H-cp D-bÀ-s¯-gp-t¶Â-]n-\v hgn-sbm-cp-¡pIbpw sN-bv-Xp. A-§-s\ 19 mw \q-äm-­n-sâ Xp-S-¡-¯n X-s¶ H-cp \-thm-°m-\-¯n-sâ B-cw-`-¯n-\v Ad-_v tem-Ihpw A-d-_n-Iv `m-jbpw km-£n-bmbn-. A-Xv Ad-_nIfp-sS ssh-Úm-\-I þ kmw-kv-ImcnI ss]-Xr-I-¯n-sâ ho-s­-Sp-¸n-\v B-cw-`-am-hp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. ]m-ÝmXy-tem-Ihpw \m-K-cn-I-X-bp-am-bp-Å k-¼À¡w Cu am-ä-¯n-\v th-Kw Iq-«n. A§s\ 19mw \q-äm-­n-sâ B-Zy-]-Ip-Xn-bn X-s¶ Ad-_n `m-j-bp-tSbpw km-ln-Xy-¯n-sâbpw \-thm-°m-\w km-[y-am-bn. a-[y-bp-K-¯n A-ÔIm-c-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶ bq-tdm-¸v X-§-fp-sS ssh-Úm\n-I kmw-kv-Imcn-I ]p-tcm-K-Xn-¡v B-[m-c-am-¡nb-Xv A-d-_n-Iv `m-jbpw kw-kv-Im-c-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶-Xv a-säm-cp N-cn-{X-am-Wv.

A¨-Sn hn-Zy-bp-sS {]-Nm-cw, 1828 B-cw-`n-¨ "A h-Jm-C-D an-kvcn¿' ]-{Xw, a-äp {]-kn-²o-I-c-W§Ä, B-[p\n-I hn-Zym-`ym-k k{¼-Zmbw, ]p-kv-X-I {]-km-[\w, km-ln-Xy A-¡m-Z-an-I-fp-sS cw-K-{]-thiw, Hm-dn-bâ-en-kv-äp-I-fp-sS ssh-Úm\nI þ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I {]-hÀ-¯-\§Ä, \m-S-I I-e-bp-sSbpw \m-S-I-im-e-I-fp-sSbpw {]-th-iw Xp-S§n-b L-S-I-§Ä A-d-_n- `mj-sb B-[p-\n-I-am-¡p-¶-Xn hen-b ]-¦p-h-ln-¨n-«p-­v. \-thm-°m\-s¯ Xp-SÀ-¶v A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bnepw km-ln-Xy-¯nepw t\mhÂ, \m-SIw, sN-dp-I-Y F-¶o B-[p\n-I ]m-Ým-Xy cq-]-§Ä P·w-sIm­p. ]pXn-b km-ln-Xy kn-²m-´-§fm-b ¢m-knkw, dn-b-enkw, sdm-amânkw, kn-t¼m-fnkw, kv-{S-Iv-N-d-en-kw Xp-S-§n-b-h A-d-_n-Iv km-ln-Xy-¯n A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p.

c­mw tem-I a-lm-bp-²m-\´-cw Ad-_v tem-Ihpw ]m-Ým-Xy tem-Ihpw X-½n-ep­m-b k-¼À¡w, F-® k-¼¯v, B-[p\n-I hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ {]-Nmcw, Zr-iyþ{im-hy am-[y-a-§-fp-sS cw-K-{]-thiw, km-ln-Xy-§Ä hm-bn-¡m-\p-Å A-h-kcw, ]pXn-b km-t¦Xn-I hn-Zy-bp-sS D-]-tbm-Kw Xp-S§n-b L-S-I-§Ä A-d-_n-Iv `m-j¡pw km-ln-Xy-¯n\pw \-thm-t·-j-hpw t{]m-Õm-l-\hpw \ÂIn. Xp-SÀ-¶v A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bn P·w-sIm-­ ]-e-Ir-Xn-Ifpw tem-I-{i-²-bm-IÀ-jn-¨p.

hÀ¯am\w

1945 Ad-_v cm-{ã-§-fp-sS s]m-Xp-th-Znbm-b Ad-_v eo-Kn-sâ cq-]o-I-c-Whpw KÄ-^v ta-Je-bn-se s]-t{Sm-fn-sâ km-¶n-[yhpw Ad-_v F-® I-b-äpa-Xn cm-{ã k-an-Xn (Hm-s]Iv) bp-sS cq-]o-I-c-Whpw Ad-_n `mj-¡v A-´À-tZio-b X-e-¯n h-fÀ-¨-bp-­m-¡n. XZv^eambn 1973 sF-Iy-cm-{ã k-`-bp-sS B-dmaXv Hu-tZymKn-I `m-j-bm-bn A-d-_n-Iv `mj-sb Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p. 1988 Cu-Pn-]v-Xv Ad-_v t\m-h-en-kv-äv \-Po-_v a-lv-^q-fn-\v t\m-_ k-½m-\w e-`n-¨Xv A-d-_n-`m-j¡pÅ Aw-Ko-I-mcambncn¶p. 2008ap-X 2016h-sc 9 A-d-_n-Iv t\m-h-ep-IÄ-¡v _p-¡À ss{]-kv e-`n-¡p-I-bp-­m-bn. I-gn-ª hÀjw sF-Iy-cm-{ã k-` {]-Jym-]n-¨ ‘{]-Im-i-hÀ-jw 2015’ B-tLm-jw B-bn-cw hÀ-j-§Ä-¡v ap-¼v {]-kn-² tKm-f-im-kv-{X-Ú³ C-_v-\p sslYw A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bn c-Nn-¨ In-Xm-_p a-\m-fn-dn-sâ kv-a-c-WmÀ-°-am-bn-cp-¶p.

hn-h-c-km-t¦Xn-I hn-¹-h-¯n a-äp-`m-j-IÄ t\-cn-« H-cp {]-iv-\hpw A-d-_n-¡n-\v A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t¡-­n h-¶nÃ. ss{_ en-]n AS-¡w Ad-_n-------þa-e-bmfw, Ad-_nþX-an t]m-se A-t\-Iw an-{i `m-j-Ifpw en-]n-Ifpw C-¶v Ad-_n `m-j-¡p-­v. Imen{Km^n F¶ Ie \ne\n¡p¶Xv Xs¶ A-d-_n-Iv A£c§fneqsSbmWv. hÀ-¯am-\ Ime-¯v A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bp-sS ]p-tcmK-Xn hn-e-bn-cp-¯m-\m-bn 13 A-d-_n-Iv `m-jm A-¡m-Z-an-IÄ temI-¯v {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-­v.

tJ-Z-I-c-sa-¶v ]-d-b-s«, 2015se I-W-¡pIÄ {]-Imcw hnÚm-\ t{km-X-Ên-sâ Ce-t{Îm-WnIv (CâÀ-s\äv) ]-Xn-¸n A-d-_n-Iv `m-j-bp-sS D-ÅS-¡w ]-Xn-\memw Øm-\-¯mWv. A-Xmb-Xv 0.8% am-{Xw. A-tX ka-bw CâÀ-s\-äv D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-cn Ad-_v tem-Iw \memw Øm-\-¯mWv. tkm-jy ao-Un-bm ssk-äp-I-fn sh-dp-sX ka-bw sImÃp-¶-hÀ ^-e-h¯m-b kw-`m-h-\-IÄ AÀ-¸n-¨m h-cpw-hÀ-j-§-fn Im-cyam-b am-äw \-ap-¡v {]-Xo-£n-¡mw.

A-d-_n-Iv `m-j¡pw km-ln-Xy-¯n\pw C´y- s]m-Xp-hnepw tI-c-fw {]-tXy-In¨pw hen-b kw-`-h-\-IÄ sN-bv-Xn-«p-­v. C-´y-bn-se {][m-\ bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-I-fn-seÃmw A-d-_n-Iv ]T-\þK-th-j-W tI-{µ-§-fp­v. tI-c-f-¯n A-d-_n-Iv kÀ-Æ-I-emim-e H-cp kz-]v-\-am-bn Xp-S-cp-t¼m-gpw, ]p-Xp-Xm-bn B-cw-`n-¨ Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv tI-{µ kÀ-Æ-I-em-im-e-bnepw a-e-¸p-dw A-enK-Uv skâ-dnepw ssh-Im-sX X-s¶ A-d-_n-Iv ]T-\þK-th-j-W tI-{µ-§Ä Xp-S-§p-sa-¶v \-ap-¡v {]-Xo-£n-¡mw.

kz-tZ-in-hÂ-¡-c-Whpw ]pXn-b A-h-k-c§fpw

Cu-kn K-th-W³-kn-sâ `m-K-am-bn FÃm cm-Py-§fpw `-cW-`-j am-Xr-`m-j-bn-te-¡v am-än-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. kz-tZ-in-hÂ-¡-c-W-t¯m-sSm-¸w am-Xr-`m-jm-hÂ-¡-c-Whpw Ad-_v temI-¯v \-S-¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p. A-Xp-aptJ-\ kz-tZ-in-hÂ-¡-c-Ww \-S-¡m-¯ sXm-gnÂ-ta-J-e-I-fn-seÃmw A-d_n `m-j ]Tn-¨-hÀ-¡v km-[y-X-IÄ hÀ-²n-¡p-I-bmWv. A-d-_n-Iv sh-ºv F-Un-änw-Kv, s{]m-^-j-WÂ A-d_n-Iv, {Sm³-kvtej³, {Sm³-kven-ä-tdj³, Sq-dnkw, bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-I-fn-se hnhn-[ ]T-\-h-Ip-¸p-IÄ XpS-§n H-«-\h-[n ]pXn-b ta-J-e-I-fm-Wv Ad-_n `m-jm-]Tn-Xm¡-sf Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

A-d-_n-Iv t^m-_n-b-bp-sS ]n-¶m-¼p-d-§Ä

hÀ-¯-am-\Im-e B-tKm-f-km-[y-X-IÄ-¡-\p-k-cn-¨v A-d-_n-Iv `m-j A-´m-cm-jv-{S-X-e-¯n th­-{X amÀ¡-äv sN-¿-s¸-«n-«nà F¶-Xv Zpx-J-I-cam-b H-cp h-kv-Xp-X-X-bmWv. cm-jv{So-b-hpw hm-Wn-Py-]-cam-b ]-e H-fn-A-P-­-I-fpw D-Å-Xn-\m-em-Wv ]m-Ým-Xy k-aq-lw t_m-[-]qÀ-Æam-b H-cp `o-Xn A-dn-_n-Iv `m-j¡pw A-Xn-sâ kw-kv-Im-c-¯n\pw NmÀ-¯m³ {i-an-¡p-¶Xv. hm-Wn-Py-cw-K-¯n-sâ kPo-h am-[y-a-am-bn A-d-_n-Iv `m-j F-¯p¶-Xv ap-X-em-fn-¯ cm-Py-§-fp-sS sIm-tfm-Wn-b Xm-ev-]-cy-§Ä-¡v X-S-Ê-am-Ip-sa¶pw A-h-cp-sS I¨-h-S XmÂ-]-cy§Ä X-IÀ-¡p-sa-¶p-ap-Å bm-YmÀ-°y-t_m[yw ]m-ÝXy-temI-s¯ A-tem-k-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p­v.  A-Xp-sIm-­v X-s¶ A-d-_n-Iv `mj-sb ]-Ån-I-fn-te-¡v H-Xp-¡p-hm\pw A-Xn-sâ hm-Wn-Py, kmw-kv-Im-cn-I cw-K-{]-thi-s¯ `o-Xn-tbm-sS Im-Wm-\p-apÅ t_m-[-]qÀ-Æam-b {i-a-§Ä A-hÀ temI-¯v {]-N-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p.

JpÀ-B-\n-sâbpw C-kvem-an-sâbpw `m-j F-¶ \n-e-bn A-d-_n-Iv `m-j ]Tn-¡epw {]-N-cn-¸n-¡epw ap-kvenw k-aq-lw A-h-cp-sS _m-[y-X-bm-bn Im-Wp-¶p­v. A-Xv B `m-j-bp-sS km-ln-Xy-ku-µcy-tam, hÀ-¯-am-\-Ime-s¯ `uXn-I km-[yX-Itfm e-£yw-sh-¨p-ÅXÃ. XoÀ¯pw B-ßo-bam-b k-ao-]-\-amWv. temI-¯v ]g-¡w sN-¶ FÃm `m-j-IÄ¡pw C-¯-c-¯n B-ßo-bam-b H-cp A-kv-Xn-Xzhpw A-Sp-¸hpw Im-Wm³ I-gn-bpw. a-X-cwK-s¯ ]m-c-¼cyw \yq-\-X-bm-bn D-bÀ-¯n-¡m-«p-t¼mgpw ssh-Zy-im-kv-{Xw, X-Xz-im-kv-{Xw, tKm-f-im-kv-{Xw, K-Wn-Xw XpS-§n A-t\-Iw hn-Úm-\-im-J-I-fp-sS A-aq-ey-tiJcw Cu `m-j-¡-I-¯p-s­¶-Xv t_m-[-]qÀ-Ætam AÃmsXtbm B-[p\nI tem-Iw a-d¶p-t]m-Ip¶p. B-tKm-f-hm-Wn-Py `m-j-sb¶ t]m-b-Ime-s¯ {]-Xm-]hpw ]m-c-¼-cyhpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v A-d-_n `m-jbpw ]u-c-kv-Xy-tZ-ihpw ]pXnb tem-I-{I-a-¯n C-S-s]-Sp¶-Xv ]m-ÝXy-temIw I-cp-X-tem-sS-bm-Wv t\m-¡p-¶-Xv.

 Published in suprabhaatham daily on 18/12/2016

Abdul majeed.t

Assistant professor,

Department of arabic

farook college

majeedjnu@gmail.com

9744041989